De la disrupción a la transformación: fortaleciendo la resiliencia operativa en la industria del futuro: RSL

The current landscape of Industry 4.0/5.0 is characterized by constant high-impact disruptions, making operational resilience an essential strategic focus. In this context, the work addresses the critical need for organizations not only to withstand these changes, but also to capitalize on these events to generate systemic transformation with the central objective of understanding in depth how companies can adapt and respond effectively to situations of disruption. To this end, a search methodology with inclusion and exclusion criteria was applied to select the most relevant articles. The review shows that many organizations still have difficulty reacting to sudden changes, such as those generated by the pandemic or supply chain disruptions. However, practices that contribute to strengthening their response capacity were also identified. These include continuous process improvement, the integration of 4.0 technologies, and the promotion of more flexible and agile organizational cultures. In conclusion, operational resilience not only helps companies overcome times of crisis, but also opens up the possibility of transforming them into opportunities to innovate and evolve toward models that are better prepared for the future. This process is key to ensuring their long-term competitiveness and sustainability.