BENEFICIOS Y RETOS DE LA INTEGRACIÓN DE LA NANOTECNOLOGÍA EN LA MEDICINA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Nanotechnology-based medicine has driven significant progress, providing revolutionary solutions for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, although challenges remain, such as ensuring safety and scalability. This systematic review examines the latest applications of nanotechnology in personalized medicine, focusing on its ability to develop treatments tailored to the specific characteristics of each individual. Nanoparticles stand out for enhancing the accuracy of drug delivery, reducing side effects, particularly in cancer therapies. Additionally, technologies such as biosensors and nanoscale imaging devices improve diagnostics, increasing success rates in clinical settings. In the field of tissue regeneration and engineering, nanomaterials, by replicating the extracellular matrix, promote cell regeneration and the creation of synthetic organs. Nevertheless, concerns persist regarding the biocompatibility of these materials, as their interaction with biological systems has yet to be fully understood, raising questions about potential future impacts. The production and quality control of nanomaterials are costly and technically complex, hindering their accessibility and scalability. Furthermore, the lack of defined regulations delays the implementation of these innovations. This review not only aims to consolidate key achievements but also to promote the dissemination of knowledge in Latin America, where access to specialized scientific data is limited, affecting students and researchers. With more studies on biological interactions and process standardization, nanotechnology could become a transformative tool in medicine, improving treatments and enhancing public health in the region.