Factors associated with Peruvian students’ knowledge of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug management in pediatric dentistry: a cross-sectional study

Background: The prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in pediatric dentistry has gained significant importance recently. Students are expected to care for children and adolescents as part of their professional training. To prevent serious complications, it is crucial to possess a comprehensive understanding of NSAID management. This study aimed to explore whether sociodemographic and academic factors are associated with Peruvian students’ knowledge regarding NSAID management in pediatric dentistry. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study assessed the knowledge of NSAID management in pediatric dentistry among 381 Peruvian dental students using a 20-item questionnaire, divided into the following dimensions: D1 (general knowledge about NSAIDs), D2 (NSAID dosage in pediatric dentistry), D3 (NSAID concentration in oral suspension for pediatric use), and D4 (indications and contraindications of NSAIDs). A chi-square test was employed for bivariable analysis, while a Poisson regression model with robust variance was utilized for multivariable analysis to identify associated factors. The significance level was established at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 17.6% of students demonstrated poor knowledge regarding NSAID management in pediatric dentistry, while 65.1% exhibited a fair level of knowledge and 17.3% showed good knowledge. Furthermore, third- and fourth-year students were 51% and 48% less likely, respectively, to possess a good level of knowledge compared to fifth-year students (PR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27–0.90 for third-year students; PR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.28–0.98 for fourth-year students). Additionally, age, sex, marital status, and place of origin were not significantly associated with the level of knowledge on this topic (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Only a small percentage of dental students demonstrated good knowledge regarding NSAID management in pediatric dentistry. Furthermore, the findings revealed that students in their third and fourth years of study were less likely to possess a good level of knowledge in this area. On the other hand, factors such as age, sex, marital status, and place of origin did not appear to have a significant association with their knowledge.