A Planning Methodology Incorporating Ex Ante Evaluation for Sustainable Productive Rural Settlements: A Case Study of a Design Proposal in Pocollay, Tacna

The increase in global carbon dioxide emissions is intensifying climate change and severely affecting diverse communities. Addressing these impacts requires sustainable planning approaches that promote environmental and social balance. This research aims to develop a transferable planning methodology incorporating ex ante evaluation for sustainable productive rural settlements, the application of which is examined through a design proposal in Pocollay, Tacna, used as a case study. The methodology comprises six sequential phases: integrated territorial diagnosis, construction of the multicriteria evaluation model, assessment of the baseline scenario, formulation of the planning model, application of the methodology to the case study, and comparative multicriteria evaluation of the projected scenario. As an application of the methodology, a Master Plan and a productive housing module were developed, integrating the proposed planning principles within a circular economy approach, together with bioclimatic design strategies aimed at resource efficiency, passive comfort, water management, renewable energy integration, and reduced environmental pressure. Compared with the baseline scenario, the projected scenario obtained higher potential performance scores across the architectural, environmental, productive, and socioeconomic indicators evaluated. These results represent expected performance according to predefined criteria rather than impacts observed after construction. In conclusion, the main contribution of the research is the proposed planning and evaluation methodology, which can be replicated or adapted in future applications by recalibrating its indicators, weights, climatic parameters, productive systems, material strategies, and community priorities.